PV Is Entering the AI Era

1. AI Enables All Industries

We are entering a fully connected, intelligent world.

Over the last few years, AI has become a high-frequency word, and it is enabling us to deal with new challenges, pursue better lives, explore science, and survive with nature in harmony. For example, during the prevention and control of the COVID-19 pandemic, AI is playing a vital role in facilitating virus analysis, drug research and development, intelligent temperature measurement, as well as auxiliary diagnosis.

As an integral part of the infrastructure developed for new technologies, industries, and economies, it is predicted that production, distribution, Exchange, and consumption will all be transformed by AI, which in turn will facilitate the emergence of new technologies, products, industries, business forms, and models.

We are currently in the best, yet most challenging era. Побољшања у вези са моћним АИ тецхнологиес to value creation methods across various industries, не подлеже дискусији. Today, our shared mission is to change the world through innovation.

У октобру 2018, Huawei steadily and methodically promoted corresponding strategy implementation, product R&D, and commercial use. У 2019. години са лансирањем Асценд АИ Процессорс, the all-scenario AI computing framework MindSpore, Atlas full-series products, and Ascend-based cloud services, Huawei completed the construction of full-stack, all-scenario AI solutions, which have been widely used across various industries. Као резултат тога, AI is becoming ubiquitous.

2. AI Ignites and Reshapes the PV Industry

The global resource supply is insufficient, and the environment is deteriorating. Facing a choice between our existence and the further development of civilization, a new energy supply mode along with the development of renewable energy have become the only way to address the global resource crisis and climate change. In the future, the mainstream energy source will be renewable and represented by photovoltaic (PV) energy. However, the challenge lies in identifying a method to improve the penetration rate of PV energy, while also transforming it from parity energy to high-quality mainstream energy.

With the development of digital information technologies, Huawei smart PV has led the PV industry from the initial digital + PV era, to the Internet + PV era, and now the AI + PV era. Digitalization serves as the foundation of intelligentization, and advanced digitalization ensures брза имплементација intelligentization.

У 2014, Хуавеи ЛЕД индустрија у развоју ПВ интеллигентизатион, лаунцхинг Тхе Смарт ПВ Солутион витх стринг Солар инвертерс фунцтионинг Ас Тхе Цоре. То је решење realizes the intelligentization of PV plants by enabling solar inverters to serve as PV array sensors that support precise information collection for each PV string, essentially achieving perception intelligence.

From 2015 to 2018, Huawei further integrated digital technologies, with typical applications including wireless private network technologies, MBUS technologies, Smart I-V Curve Diagnosis, intelligent O&M cloud center, and the intelligent convergence of agriculture, fishery, and PV.

У 2019 Хуавеи је објавио the first смарт ПВ solution that integrates АИ тецхнологиес.

У 2020. години, Huawei is continuing to deepen the integration between smart and PV full-stack, all-scenario AI solutions, and the company is also building a core architecture for device-edge-cloud synergy. This will maximize the value of each PV plant and accelerate the industry's Intel милиона уноса из водећих лига upgrade.

  • Уређај: Солар инвертерс ће бити ажуриран да служи као смарт ПВ контролери. Ово ће укључити спровођење прецизног прикупљање података у реалном времену real-time control of string-level energy yield optimization, реал-тиме ДЦ арц detection, and real-time response to grid-tied control, with real-time inference, execution, and self-closed-loop control capabilities.
  • Edge: AI inference modules are embedded in PV array controlers for intelligentization upgrade. The modules collect device data and infer AI models for оптимална генерација снаге у реалном времену, енаблинг оптимална генерација снаге и Грид-Тиед контрола ПВ низова.
  • Облак: на АИ учење и Инференце платформа is deployed on the management system to implement continuous учење и оптимизацију модела АИ алгоритма, без потребе за старим постојећим уређајима. As a result, the system energy yield and potential fault diagnosis accuracy are continuously increasing. The излаз models of devices on the edge device and sides can be promptly updated пакетима, achieving efficient collaboration.

Комплетан пакет Хуавеи, све-scenario AI solutions have been widely used across industries such as electric power, manufacturing, and healthcare, significantly improving their intelligence level. For instance, China Southern Power Grid utilizes the Atlas 200-based intelligent O&M and inspection system. Based on this system, the AI cameras installed on the power transmission tower can check the power transmission line in real time to detect foreign objects and damage. Unmanned inspection minimizes risks to humans, significantly improving both O&M efficiency and grid operation safety.

2.1 MPPT Reconstruction: Unleashing the Full Potential of PV Strings

To build a closed-loop, collaborative, and convergent Smart DC System (SDS) has been developed. It is designed to integrate the previously independent PV modules, trackers, and solar inverters into a closed-loop synergy among bifacial PV modules, trackers, and smart PV Controller with multiple MPPTs, optimizing the entire DC generation traditional system and astronomical algorithms.

A smart PV controller is now working as a smart brain that self-learns and optimizes tracker optimization algorithms. In addition, AI training and modeling based on the neural network adjust the trackers to the optimal angle to fully realize the potential of each PV string in a PV plant. For example, у оптималној политици предњег и задњег трагача linkage is provided based on the shadows, scattering ratios, and cloud movement, имплементација динамичке оптимизације оптималног угла трагача у реалном времену. Over the last year, Huawei has tested a large number of PV plants, with tests in Huixi, Анхуи, indicating that real energy yield increased by 1.31% over a period of 183 days. У пројектима such as China General Nuclear Power Group and Huanghe Hydropower, energy yield increased од 0.5% до 1%.

2.2 DC Safety Reconstruction: Fast, Accurate, and Comprehensive Protection

Safety is the top priority in both production and personal life. It will be especially tragic if a rooftop PV plant catches fire. According to results from an analysis of global cases, a large number of fire accidents are caused by DC arcs through poor contact, insecure connection of PV connectors, and cable aging and damage.

Традиционално под контролом, problems such as the poor connection of terminals and cable aging can only be addressed by improving the quality of engineering and manual of inspection and maintenance. Међутим, these methods cannot be used to locate all problems, и accidents may тихо оццасионалли оццур.

Currently, almost 100% of arcs can be identified using AI algorithms that ensure system safety by enabling quick-break protection. Huawei AI-powered Active Arcing Protection represents the first attempt to integrate AI algorithms into Arc-fault circuit interrupters (AFCIs) у индустрији. Прецизније откривање лука и брзо исправљање грешака, решење comprehensively ensures the safety of distributed PV plants.

The AI Boost AFCI offers three unique features. First, it continuously and efficiently learns arc features using AI models, and it has a library with over 1 million Arc features. Second, based on the powerful local chip computing capability, the AI Boost AFCI proactively identifies and analyzes over 92 arc feature comparison points, and performs precise detection without false reporting or under-reporting, providing comprehensive protection. Third, it can shut down and cut off a power supply within 0.5 s just, which is much faster than the industry standard of 2.5 s. The product enables customers to build secure rooftop PV plants.

We believe that in the near future, the AI Boost AFCI performance will become the industry standard globally.

2.3 O & M Reconstruction: Embracing Unmanned O&M

Због карантене изазване ЦОВИД-19 пандемије, PV plants are lacking O & M personnel, which led to the topic of PV plants'o&M regaining attention within the industry. Huawei PV and several customers have successfully me with this issue, due to the fact that druns O & M trials have been conducted numerous times before.

Данас, o&M personel do not need to conduct onsite inspections of entire PV plants. The AI Smart BOOST I-V Curve Diagnosis supports remote scanning of all PV strings in one-click mode. Стога, a 100 Мв ПВ plant can be scanned within just 10 minutes, diagnosis with a report automatically generated.

У додатку, proactively delivery maintenance requirements, fault diagnosis, and precise location to O&M personnel, негирање потребе за ручном валидацијом, и побољшање O&M efficiency за више од 50%.

АИ тецхнологиес further collect експерт експерт искуство за претрагу, филтрирање, провере, и identify more faults, proactively maintaining the health of ПВ plants for long periods. In this context, maintenance does not refer to locating specific faults. Instead, it refers to comparing performance indicators and the data provided by sensors with algorithms to checking whether PV plant devices are running properly. Once an exception is detected, a warning is generated.

The fault prebraðivanje system has been used in the aviation field. For example, if the engine of an aircraft is about to fail, a warning will be first delivered to the control center of the airline. Subsequently, the control center will provide the pilot with instructions, and arrange maintenance personnel to arrive at the destination in advance, eliminating potential risks before an accident occurs.

Као лабораторијски трошкови инцреасе, традиционални начин одржавања, which involves site visits by experts, биће gradually phased out. For example, АИ тецхнологиес integrating extensive екперт experience ће replace O&M experts that conduct diagnosis and make decisions. Furthermore, drone inspection and robot-based automatic o & M ће заменити масивни понављајући рад O&M. као понављајући и опасни задаци које обављају АИ Системс, these technologies free people from mundane work, thereby reducing manpower input while improving efficiency, speed, and accuracy. For instance, a drone equipped with a high definition (HD) or infrared camera can negate the need for manual inspection and complete real-time analysis and judgment, with much higher efficiency and accuracy. Стога, ПВ plants will become беспилотне in the future.

2.4 Grid-tied Algorithm Reconstruction: Providing Stronger Support

In the past, the stability and power quality of power grids relied on thermal and electric water generator sets. However, with the increasing penetration rate of renewable energy, as well as decreasing the use of traditional electric generator sets, the short-circuit ratio (SCR) of power grids will gradually decrease. As such, power grids are facing challenges in terms of stability.

According to the 14th Five-Year Plan, ultra-high voltage (UHV) development will be accelerated as the focus of new infrastructure. Renewable energy with a strong high voltage ride through (HVRT) capability is imperative to maintaining the safety and stability of power grids. The new national standard in 2020 raises the admission and the threshold power grid adaptability requirements in terms of the stability of active power output during HVRT, HVRT and low voltage ride through (LVRT) capabilities, and frequency adaptability.

Therefore, to ensure that renewable energy can be connected to power grids on a large scale, solar inverters must have a stronger SCR adaptability, and continuous skoro HVRT and LVRT capability, fast and frequency modulation capability. These are the prerequisites for grid connection.

Huawei smart solar inverters integrate the world-leading algorithm architecture and are equipped with stronger control capabilities. AI technologies are introduced for impedance reshaping to the industry, интегрисан са неколико водећих алгоритама мреже, претрага као динамичка пригушивање адаптација. AI self-learning can proactively identify the electrical features of a PV plant and automatically adjust the grid-tied algorithm to match the power grid. For example, Huawei solar inverters support sending end during HVDC, минимална снага мрежа SCR of 1.5, најбоље повезивање са weak power grids, and fault ride through (FTR) capability. In addition, the active power is not derated during HVDC.

In the future, the grid-tied control capability of solar inverters needs to be continuously improved to support connection to weaker power grids, ensuring that in the case of low SCR, a PV plant can run stably without disconnecting from the power grid, and that the role of utility-scale PV plants can evolve from grid following, to grid supporting, and finally grid-reconstructing as an independent network. The goal is to transform PV energy from parity energy to high-quality mainstream energy.

КСНУМКС три нивоа споразума садржаних: Буилдинг Оптимал ПВ Плантс

The term “synergy” is derived from an Attic Greek word. It refers to a process or capability of Координационог two or more resources or individuals to achieve a goal in a coordinated and consistent manner. Како можемо користити digitalization to maximize benefits by ensuring independent devices collaborate effectively?

Хуавеи усваја трослојне сарадње на соларном инвертору, PV array, and PV plant by starting from component efficiency, progressing to system efficiency, and then plant efficiency у координираном Маннеру, изградњу оптималног начина генерисања снаге.

At the device level, improvements have been made in the efficiency and power density of solar inverters and the reliability of maintenance-free designs. Додатно, solar inverters at the edge have тако почео да буде equipped with AI proception and inference capabilities.

At the PV array level, devices are uniformed and optimized in a collaborative manner. На интелигентном систему затворене петље ДЦ су формирани, consisting of bifacial PV modules, trackers, and solar inverters. The AI self-learning and big data mining feature technologies are used to dynamically adjust the angle tracker online to the optimal state, fully achieving the potential of each PV string.

На фабричком нивоу којим управља интелигентна ПВ арраи анд Едге цомпутинг, ПВ Плантс може проацтивели добити захтеве за Повер Грид, automatically adjust the operating status, and implement у реалном времену онлине сарадње. For example, an optimal adjustment of active and reactive power in a PV array can be implemented to optimize the energy yield of an entire PV plant under the power factor requirements of the power grid.

3. AI + PV = Green and Intelligent World

In the future, AI will be as ubiquitous as water and electricity. It is a strategic technology that will lead the future, and it is a new core engine that will drive PV industry transformation towards Intel милиона уноса из водећих лига. 2020 witness the comprehensive интеграција cloud, AI, and 5G technologies.

As digital technologies and renewable energy are reshaping the world, we firmly believe that our society will become intelligent in the next three decades. Powered by AI technologies, the PV industry will be reconstructed and redefined, and the new world, where everything is sensing, connected, and intelligent, will become greener and more vibrant.

 

Authors:

Тони Ксу. председник Хуавеи Асценд Цомпутинг Бусинесс

Цхен Гуогуан председник Хуавеи Smart Business ПВ

Article produced in partnership with Huawei